Editing Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (section)

===21st century===
[[File:2007SOU Bush Cheney Pelosi.jpg|thumb|left|upright=.90|[[Nancy Pelosi]] (first woman elected as U.S. House Speaker) behind President [[George W. Bush]] at the [[2007 State of the Union Address]]]]
The Republicans came out of the 2000 elections with a further reduced majority but made small gains in 2002 and 2004. The periods of 2001–2002 and 2003–2007 were the first times since 1953–1955 that there was single-party Republican leadership in Washington, interrupted from 2001 to 2003 as Senator [[Jim Jeffords]] of [[Vermont]] left the Republican Party to become independent and caucused with Senate Democrats to give them a 51–49 majority.

In the 2006 midterm elections, the Democratic Party regained control of the House of Representatives. [[Nancy Pelosi]] was elected Speaker of the House, becoming the first woman to hold the position.

President Bush acknowledged Pelosi as the first woman in that position in the opening of his [[2007 State of the Union Address]] .<ref>{{cite web |last=Bush |first=George W. |author-link=George W. Bush |date=January 23, 2007 |title=President Bush Delivers State of the Union Address |url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/01/20070123-2.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502232627/http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2007/01/20070123-2.html |archive-date=May 2, 2013 |access-date=August 26, 2007 |publisher=[[The White House]]}}</ref>

[[John Boehner]] was elected speaker when the [[112th Congress]] convened on January 5, 2011, and was re-elected twice, at the start of the [[113th United States Congress|113th]] and [[114th United States Congress|114th]] Congresses. On both of those occasions his remaining in office was threatened by the defection of several members from his own party who chose not to vote for him.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/01/04/were-the-g-o-p-votes-against-boehner-a-historic-rejection|title=Were the G.O.P. Votes Against Boehner a Historic Rejection?|last=Cohen|first=Micah|date=January 4, 2013|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=March 1, 2019|url-access=limited|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194655/https://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/01/04/were-the-g-o-p-votes-against-boehner-a-historic-rejection|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2015/01/06/politics/house-speaker-boehner-vote|title=Boehner Overcomes Big Opposition to Remain Speaker|last=Walsh|first=Deirdre|date=January 6, 2015|access-date=March 1, 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150129025454/http://www.cnn.com/2015/01/06/politics/house-speaker-boehner-vote/|archive-date=January 29, 2015|publisher=[[CNN]]}}</ref> Boehner's tenure as speaker, which ended when he resigned from Congress in October 2015, was marked by multiple battles with the conservatives in his own party related to "[[Obamacare]]", [[Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2014|appropriations]], among other political issues.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2015/09/25/john-boehner-resigns-house-speaker/72793398/|title=Speaker John Boehner to resign from Congress|last1=Shesgreen|first1=Deirdre|date=September 25, 2015|work=[[USA Today]]|access-date=February 4, 2019|last2=Allen|first2=Cooper|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194812/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2015/09/25/john-boehner-resigns-house-speaker/72793398/|url-status=live}}</ref> This intra-party discord continued under Boehner's successor, [[Paul Ryan]].
[[File:McCarthy Holding Gavel After Speaker Election.jpg|thumb|[[Kevin McCarthy]] became the first Speaker to be successfully [[Removal of Kevin McCarthy as Speaker of the House|removed from office]] in October 2023]]
When Republican leader John Boehner succeeded Pelosi as speaker in 2011, Pelosi remained the leader of the Democratic Party in the House of Representatives and served as House minority leader for eight years before she led her party to victory in the 2018 elections. Following the [[2018 midterm elections]] which saw the election of a Democratic Party majority in the House, [[Nancy Pelosi]] was again elected speaker when the [[116th Congress]] convened on January 3, 2019. In addition to being the first woman to hold the office, Pelosi became the first speaker to return to power since Sam Rayburn in the 1950s.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.denverpost.com/2019/01/03/nancy-pelosi-speaker-of-the-house/|title=Nancy Pelosi regains the House speaker's gavel as Democrats confront Trump over partial shutdown|last=Wire|first=Sarah D.|date=January 3, 2019|work=[[The Denver Post]]|access-date=September 28, 2019|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114194822/https://www.denverpost.com/2019/01/03/nancy-pelosi-speaker-of-the-house/|url-status=live}}</ref> Following the [[2022 midterm elections]] which saw the election of a narrow Republican Party majority in the House, Pelosi did not seek a Democratic leadership post in the next Congress. The Democratic Caucus named her "Speaker Emerita".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Diaz |first=Daniella |date=December 2, 2022 |title=House Democrats pick Hakeem Jeffries to succeed Nancy Pelosi, the first Black lawmaker to lead a party in Congress| url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/30/politics/house-democratic-leadership-vote/index.html| work=[[CNN]]| access-date=January 7, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news| last=Schnell| first=Mychael| date=December 1, 2022| title=House panel votes to designate Pelosi 'Speaker Emerita'| url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/3757247-house-panel-votes-to-designate-pelosi-speaker-emerita/| access-date=January 7, 2023| work=[[The Hill (newspaper)|The Hill]]}}</ref>

[[Kevin McCarthy]] then became the new Speaker of the House on January 7, 2023, after the longest multi-ballot speaker election since 1859.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=McCartney|first1=Allison|last2=Parlapiano|first2=Alicia|last3=Wu|first3=Ashley |last4=Zhang |first4=Christine |last5=Williams |first5=Josh |last6=Cochrane |first6=Emily |last7=Murphy |first7=John-Michael |date=January 4, 2023|title=Vote Count: McCarthy Elected House Speaker After 15 Ballots |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/01/04/us/politics/house-speaker-vote-tally.html |access-date=October 20, 2023|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=January 6, 2023 |title=Kevin McCarthy elected US House Speaker after 15 rounds of voting |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-64193932 |access-date=October 20, 2023}}</ref> McCarthy was eventually [[Removal of Kevin McCarthy as speaker of the House|removed as speaker]] on October 3, 2023, after a further split in the Republican caucus, with five [[House Freedom Caucus]] members voting against McCarthy, which when combined with votes of Democrats, resulted in the ouster of McCarthy.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 30, 2023 |title=House passes 45-day funding bill, likely avoiding a government shutdown|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/government-shutdown-saturday-rcna118201 |access-date=October 3, 2023 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> This was the first time in the history of the House of Representatives in which the Speaker of the House was successfully removed.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Hutzler |first1=Alexandra |last2=Peller |first2=Lauren |last3=Scott |first3=Rachel |last4=Siegel |first4=Benjamin |last5=Parkinson|first5=John|title=McCarthy vote live updates: House speaker ousted for first time in US history |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/live-updates/mccarthy-speaker-vote-live-updates/?id=103692404 |access-date=October 3, 2023 |website=ABC News|language=en}}</ref> Following a multi-day four-ballot election, [[Mike Johnson]] was [[October 2023 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election|elected speaker]] on October 25, 2023.<ref>{{cite news| last=Greve | first=Joan E | title=Republican Mike Johnson elected House speaker after weeks of chaos |work=The Guardian | date=October 25, 2023 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/oct/25/mike-johnson-republican-house-speaker-vote | access-date=October 26, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| last=Zurcher | first=Anthony | title=Mike Johnson: Republicans got a Speaker elected. Now begins the hard part |work=BBC News | date=October 25, 2023 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-67223383 | access-date=October 26, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Republican Mike Johnson elected US House speaker | website=Al Jazeera | date=October 25, 2023 | url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/25/republican-mike-johnson-elected-us-house-speaker | access-date=October 26, 2023}}</ref>